Core Components of Fixture Hydraulic System

1. Power Components (Hydraulic Power Unit)

• Electric Motor: Supplies primary mechanical power.

• Hydraulic Pump: Converts motor mechanical energy into hydraulic pressure energy, acting as the heart of the whole system.

• Oil Tank: Stores hydraulic oil, functioning for heat dissipation, impurity sedimentation and air separation.

• Oil Filter: Maintains oil cleanliness, critical for stable operation and extended service life of the system.

2. Control Components (Hydraulic Valves)

• Pressure Control Valve (Relief Valve): Sets maximum system working pressure and provides overload safety protection.

• Directional Control Valve (Solenoid Directional Valve): Changes oil flow direction to control cylinder extension (clamping) and retraction (unclamping), the core for automatic cyclic operation.

• Flow Control Valve (Throttle Valve): Regulates oil flow into cylinders to adjust clamping and unclamping speed.

• Hydraulic Lock (Pilot-operated Check Valve): A vital component to lock cylinder oil circuit after clamping, sustaining constant clamping force against external load or system pressure fluctuation for operational safety.

• Pressure Reducing Valve: Supplies stable reduced pressure for individual sub-circuits when varying clamping forces are required in one system.

3. Actuating Components

• Hydraulic Cylinder: Transforms hydraulic energy into linear mechanical force to drive clamping mechanisms. Main types: double-acting cylinder (pressurizable at both ports) and single-acting cylinder (normally spring return).

• Hydraulic Chuck / Hydraulic Vise: Specialized integrated fixture with built-in hydraulic cylinders.

4. Auxiliary Components

• Pipe & Fittings: Connect all hydraulic components for fluid conveyance.

• Pressure Gauge: Real-time system pressure indication.

• Pressure Switch: Captures pressure feedback and transmits electrical signal to PLC or CNC to realize interlock: machining starts only after full workpiece clamping.

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5. Working Medium

• Hydraulic Oil: Functions for power transmission, lubrication, cooling and rust prevention.